CYKL KRĄŻENIA KRĘTKOW
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI W ŚRODOWISKU
Ilona Mączka1, Stanisława Tylewska-Wierzbanowska1*
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego - Państwowy Zakład Higieny, Samodzielna Pracownia Riketsji Chlamydii i Krętków Odzwierzęcych, ul. Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warszawa
Wpłynęło w styczniu 2010 r.
1. Struktura Borrelia burgdorferi. 2. Genom Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. 3. Metazoonoza - zoonoza przenoszona przez wektor. 4. Cykl rozwojowy kleszcza Ixodes ricinus. 5. Rezerwuar krętków B. burgdorferi. 6. Wpływ czynników środowiska na przemiany B. burgdorferi w kleszczu. 7. Białko powierzchniowe C - OspC. 8. Adhezyny bakteryjne a receptory gospodarza. 9. Umiejscowienie B. burgdorferi w późnej fazie u ssaka. 10. Białko vlsE. 11. Rozwój odpowiedzi immunologicznej w zakażeniu B. burgdorferi. 12. Reakcje autoimmunologiczne. 13. Podsumowanie
Life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete in the environment
Abstract: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes are long, spiral Gram-negative bacteria. The life cycle of B. burgdorferi in the environment can be divided into several stages. Each of them is essential for the survival of these microorganisms. The first stage of the life cycle takes place in a hungry tick, second in the blood and/or body fluids of warm-blooded animals, the third stage inside the mammalian cells, and the fourth one is connected with the death of the infected host cells and the release of the bacteria into the bloodstream, from where they can be sucked again by ticks and the cycle repeats.
Lyme borreliosis, caused by B. burgdorferi spirochetes, is a meta-zoonosis transmitted by arthropod vectors. Ticks of the genus Ixodes are the most competent vector of the disease. Following outer membrane lipoproteins: OspA, OspB until OspF and decorin-binding proteins DbpA and DbpB have been described. Their role in the life cycle of B. burgdorferi has only been partly elucidated. The first step of colonization of specific sites by pathogenic bacteria in the binding of bacterial adhesion proteins to receptors (decorin, glicosaminoglican, fibronectin, integrins) present on the surface of the target tissues of the host. B. burgdorferi spirochetes are very motile bacteria which can easily spread throughout the body to various, often very distant organs. Even a normal and efficient immune system is unable to eliminate B. burgdorferi bacteria since they are able to disguise and hide protecting themselves agains the host immune system. Outer membrane proteins B. burgdorferi undergo antigenic variation depending on environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH, and availability of nutrients.
1. Structure of Borrelia burgdorferi. 2. Genome of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. 3. Meta-zoonosis - zoonosis transmitted by a vector. 4. Development cycle of the tick Ixodes ricinus. 5. Reservoir of B. burgdorferi spirochete. 6. Environmental impact on the changes of B. burgdorferi in ticks. 7. Outer surface protein C - OspC. 8. Bacterial adhesins and host receptors. 9. B. burgdorferi site in the late phase in a mammal. 10. Protein vlsE. 11. Development of immune response to infection with B. burgdorferi. 12. Autoimmune reactions. 13. Summary
Słowa kluczowe: Borrelia burgdorferi, osp, vlsE
Key words: Borrelia burgdorferi, osp, vlsE
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