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SYSTEM REPLIKACJI WIRUSA
ZAPALENIA WĄTROBY TYPU C (HCV) IN VITRO
Paulina Godzik*
Zakład Wirusologii, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego - Państwowy
Zakład Higieny,
ul. Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warszawa
ul. Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warszawa
Wpłynęło w lipcu 2008
1. Wstęp. 2. Zwierzęce modele badawcze wirusa zapalenia wątroby typu C. 3. Pierwsze próby stworzenia systemu replikacji HCV. 4. Replikacja subgenomowego RNA HCV. 5. Replikacja pełnogenomowego RNA HCV in vitro oraz tworzenie zakaźnych cząstek wirusowych. 6. Podsumowanie
In vitro hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication system
Abstract: Infection with hepatitis C virus, a major cause of chronic liver diseases, is a serious worldwide health problem. The number of infected individuals has been estimated at around 170 millions. More than 80% of patients develop a persistent infection, which can be asymptomatic for many years. Despite increasing knowledge about the virus replication and pathogenesis, there is still no vaccination and successful antiviral therapy. Problems with the development of efficient drugs against HCV are connected with the lack of tissue culture or small animal models for HCV. Since HCV discovery in 1989, the development of a cell culture system for HCV has been a major goal for scientists worldwide. Due to difficulties in creating a robust cell culture model based on full-length HCV genome, Lohmann et al. and other independent groups established subgenomic replicons, which replicated in hepatoma cell line. Results of these experiments extended knowledge about HCV RNA replication. The next goal was to construct a cell culture system, which could produce virus particles. Wakita et al. created the first tissue culture that led to the production of HCV particles (2a genotype), which were infectious for both cells and chimpanzees. It was a major breakthrough in investigations on the efficiency of new vaccines and antivirals. However, the genotype 2a is not representative of the genotype 1 HCV, which is the most prevalent and typically associated with liver diseases. Therefore, there is a need to create a robust cell culture system for HCV genotype 1.
1. Introduction. 2. Animal models for hepatitis C virus. 3. First attempts to create a HCV replication system. 4. Replication of subgenomic HCV RNA. 5. In vitro replication of full-length HCV RNA genome and production of infectious virus particles. 6. Summary
Słowa kluczowe: hodowla komórkowa, replikacja, replikon, wirus zapalenia wątroby typu C (HCV)
Key words: cell culture, hepatitis C virus (HCV), replication, replicon
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