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GRZYBY Z RODZAJU GEOTRICHUM
JAKO OPORTUNISTYCZNY PATOGEN CZŁOWIEKA
Magdalena Skóra*, Jadwiga Witalis, Paweł Krzyściak, Anna B. Macura
Zakład Mykologii Katedry Mikrobiologii Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Wpłynęło w styczniu 2009 r.
1. Wstęp. 2. Taksonomia. 3. Występowanie. 4. Morfologia. 5. Fizjologiczne i biochemiczne właściwości. 6. Chorobotwórczość. 7. Wrażliwość na leki i leczenie. 8. Podsumowanie
Fungal genus Geotrichum: an opportunistic pathogen of humans
Abstract: Fungi belonging to Getrichum genus are widespread in nature. They have been used in food industry and biotechnological research for many years. However, a lack of definite answer to the question concerning their position in taxonomy is intriguing, as well as their role in the pathogenesis of diseases in humans. Even morphology of these fungi is of interest because they are located on the borderline between typical yeast-like fungi and moulds. Our overview of literature is focused mainly on the medical aspect because the fungi deserve thorough attention as opportunistic human pathogens, even though their low pathogenicity has been reported.
Geotrichum sp. is a causative agent of geotrichosis. The foci of infection are localized mainly in lungs and bronchi, however they also may appear in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Cases of septicemia and disseminated infections were also reported. G. candidum is the species most often identified as the cause of geotrichosis. The disease most often develops in immunocompromised persons: patients with haemopoietic system malignancies under chemotherapy, under long lasting antibiotic and steroid therapy and in diabetics. In vitro investigations gave evidence that G. candidum in susceptible to amphotericin B, clotrimazole, 5 fluorocytosine and miconazole, however, some strains are highly resistant to azoles as well as to amphotericin B and nystatin. Now that there are no guidelines concerning the treatment of Geotrichum infections, the choice of a proper treatment should be based on the drug susceptibility of the fungal strain isolated and on clinical condition of the patient.
1. Introduction. 2. Taxonomy. 3. Occurrence. 4. Morphology. 5. Physiology and biochemical properties. 6. Pathogenicity. 7. Drugs susceptibility and treatment. 8. Summary
Słowa kluczowe: geotrichoza, Geotrichum, Geotrichum candidum, grzybice oportunistyczne
Key words: geotrichosis, Geotrichum, Geotrichum candidum, opportunistic mycoses
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