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IMPLIKACJE KLINICZNE ZWIĄZANE Z OBECNOŚCIĄ
BAKTERII REDUKUJĄCYCH SIARCZANY (BRS)
W ORGANIZMIE CZŁOWIEKA I ZWIERZĄT
ORAZ ICH WPŁYW NA ŚRODOWISKO NATURALNE
Joanna Szczerba*, Zofia Dzierżewicz
Katedra i Zakład Biofarmacji, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny
ul. Narcyzów 1, 41-200 Sosnowiec
Wpłynęło w czerwcu 2007 r.
1. Wprowadzenie. 2. Zróżnicowanie bakterii redukujących siarczany (BRS) jako wynik adaptacji do zajmowanych siedlisk. 3. Rola BRS w złożonym ekosystemie jelita grubego. 4. Implikacje wypływające z bytności BRS w jamie ustnej człowieka. 5. Charakterystyka rodzaju Desulfovibrio najlepiej poznanego w obrębie BRS, a zarazem dominującego wśród izolatów pochodzenia ludzkiego. 6. Spór o potencjał patogenny gatunków rodzaju Desulfovibrio. 7. Znaczenie bakterii redukujących siarczany w ekosystemach środowisk naturalnych. 8. Podsumowanie
Clinical implications associated with the occurrence of the sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in the human and animal body and their influence on the environment
Abstract: The human and animal intestinal tract harbours the largest and most heterogeneous microbial ecosystem associated with the host body. Although this microbiota has been studied in great detail by conventional culture techniques, it is now recognized that our knowledge of the gut microflora is far from complete due to the limitations of culture-based techniques. The application of molecular methodologies to the analysis of intestinal flora should enable the development of a detailed knowledge of the ecology and physiology of the colon ecosystem.
Microbiota of the intestinal tract consists of several hundred different types of bacteria. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are commonly found in the large bowel as well as in the humane oral cavity. Some findings suggest that SRB have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease periodontitis and halitosis. Desulfovibrios are the major SRB occurring within humane isolates and usually belong to D. fairfieldensis, D. desulfuricans and D. piger species.
Bacteria of Desulfovibrio genus are spiral, motile, non-spore forming Gram-negative rods and the cells of these microorganisms contain desulfoviridin. They share the ability to dissimilate sulfur reducing compounds and generate hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This gas is considered as cytotoxic and can be involved in the local tissue-damaging mechanism.
SRB are also environmentally important microorganisms commonly found in anaerobic regions of soils, mud as well as marine, and estuarine sediments. Their metabolite, sulfide, is directly toxic to a large range of bacteria and higher organisms in these habitats. Moreover, the extremely corrosive nature of H2S can cause great economic problems, especially in the oil industry.
1. Introduction 2. The variability of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) as a result of adaptation to the occupied habitats. 3. The role of SRB in the complex colon ecosystem. 4. Implications resulting from the occurrence of SRB in the human oral cavity. 5. The profile of Desulfovibrio the best known genus among SRB and the predominant one in the human isolates. 6. Dispute about pathogenic potential of the species of Desulfovibrio genus. 7. The significance of sulfate reducing bacteria in natural ecosystems. 8. Summary.
Słowa kluczowe: bakterie redukujące siarczany (BRS), ekosystem jelita grubego,
flora fizjologiczna, Desulfovibrio, siarkowodór
Key words: sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), colon ecosystem, physiological flora,
Desulfovibrio, hydrogen sulfide
* Autor korespondencyjny: Katedra i Zakład Biofarmacji, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny; ul. Narcyzów 1, 41-200 Sosnowiec; e-mail: joszczerba@poczta.onet.pl
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