RECEPTORY KOMÓRKOWE WIĄŻĄCE CZĄSTECZKI
WIRUSA ZAPALENIA WĄTROBY TYPU C
Dariusz Kmieciak, Łukasz Kruszyna, Mariusz Łaciński
Katedra Biochemii i Biologii Molekularnej, Akademia Medyczna
im. K. Marcinkowskiego ul. Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznań
tel. (0-61) 8546513, faks (0-61) 8546510
e-mail: dkmiec@am.poznan.pl
Wpłynęło w kwietniu 2005 r.
1. Wstęp. 2. Glikoproteiny otoczki wirusa HCV: El i E2. 3. Wiązanie HCV przez receptor lipoprotein o niskiej gęstości. 4. Antygen przeciwciał antyproliferacyjnych, CD81. 5. Receptor zmiatający klasy B typu 1. 6. Lektyny L-SIGN i DC-SIGN. 7. Rola glikozoamino-glikanów w wiązaniu
HCV. 8. Receptor asjaloglikoproteinowy. 9. Podsumowanie
Cellular receptors binding hepatitis C virus
Abstract: In this article the putative receptors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been described. HCV is the major agent of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis, resulting in a chronic liver inflammation and cirrhosis, and ultimately, in some cases, in hepatocellular carci-noma. Since a discovery in 1992 of plasma HCV association with low-density lipoproteins (LDL), a receptor for LDL has been proposed as an entry site of HCV to hepatocytes. However, subsequent reports have showed presence of the virus in extrahepatic tissues and another molecule, CD81, has been implicated in the process of entry. Because HCV is mainly hepatotropic virus, and CD81 is expressed widely on different types of cells, it does not seem to play a role as a main target molecule for HCV. It is thought rather that a process of HCV entry to a cell requires at least two molecules, the scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1), and CD81 as a
coreceptor, and perhaps some other molecules. In addition, liver-specific lectin, L-SIGN, present on liver sinusoidal endhotelial cells, might facilitate HCV infection in trans, i.e. by capturing the viral particles and redirecting them to the surrounding receptors on hepatocytes. DC-SIGN, another lectin present on dentritic cells, might participate in internalization of HCV to immature dendritic cells, which in turn, would serve as a reservoir of this virus. It has also been indicated that cell surface glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan sulfate, might accelerate the process of infection, by retaining and concentrating HCV particles around appropriate receptors.
1. Introduction. 2. HCV envelope' glycoproteins, El and E2. 3. Low-density lipoprotein binding of
HCV. 4. Target of anti-proliferative antibody, CD81. 5. The scavenger receptor class B type 1. 6. L-SIGN and DC-SIGN
lectins. 7. Role of glycosaminoglycans in HCV binding. 8. The asialoglycoprotein receptor. 9. Conclusion
Słowa kluczowe: wirus zapalenia wątroby typu C, glikoproteiny otoczki El i E2,
receptory komórkowe wirusa
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