WYKORZYSTANIE GRZYBÓW MIKROSKOPOWYCH
Z RODZAJU CURVULARIA W BADANIACH
PODSTAWOWYCH I BIOTECHNOLOGII
Katarzyna Paraszkiewicz, Jerzy Długoński
Katedra Mikrobiologii Przemysłowej i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Łódzki ul. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, tel. (0 48 42) 635 44 65,
e-mail: jdlugo@biol.uni.lodz.pl
Wpłynęło w lutym 2006
1. Wprowadzenie. 2. Klasyfikacja, warunki hodowli i charakterystyka morfologiczna grzybów z rodzaju
Curvularia. 3. Występowanie i znaczenie ekologiczne. 4. Badania genetyczne i udoskonalanie szczepów. 5. Produkty syntez komórkowych. 5.1. Melanina. 5.2. Antrachinony. 5.3. Toksyny. 5.4. Enzymy. 5.5. Emulgator. 6. Procesy transformacji. 6.1. Transformacje steroidów i związków pochodnych. 6.2. Transformacja ryfamycyny B. 6.3. Transformacje terpenów i innych związków organicznych. 6.4. Badania szlaków rozkładu leków. 7. Wnioski końcowe
Application of microscopic fungi from genus Curvularia for
basic research and biotechnology
Abstract: This paper presents some biological and ecological aspects as well as commercial potential of filamentous fungi classified to genus
Curvularia. Up to now about 35 species of Curvularia have been described and the most common and biotechnological important strains in this group belong to
C. lunata. This genus is widespread in the world and soil saprophytes as well as a high number of plant pathogenic species occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical areas. Plant pathogens of
Curvularia are often used to investigate the mechanisms of resistance in plants, factors responsible for infections and to choose the most resistant cultivators. Strains of
Curvularia emerged as human opportunistic pathogens that infect immunocompromised hosts. Characteristic, curved spores of this fungus have been found to be responsible for allergic reactions in predisposed individuals. In this article the following primary and secondary metabolites of
Curvularia have been described: enzymes, melanin, toxins, emulsifier and anthraquinones, including their biological and industrial potential. From the biotechnological point of view, one of the most important metabolic features of
Curvularia (especially strains of C. lunata) is the ability to catalyze bioconversion reactions. Transformations of various organic compounds (e.g. steroids, terpens, antibioties, nitriles and sulfones) allow to obtain optically active derivatives, difficult to achieve purely by chemical
methods.
1. Introduction. 2. Classification, growth conditions and morphological characterization of
Curvularia strains. 3. Environmental occurrence and ecological role. 4. Genetic research and strain
improvement. 5. Products of cell synthesis. 5.1. Melanin. 5.2. Anthraquinones. 5.3. Toxins. 5.4. Enzymes. 5.5. Emulsifier. 6. Transformation
processes. 6.1. Bioconversion of steroids and related
compounds. 6.2. Transformation of rifamicyne B. 6.3. Transformation of terpens and other organic
compounds. 6.4. Research of drug degradation pathways. 7. Conclusions
Słowa kluczowe: biokonwersja, Curvularia, grzyby strzępkowe
Key words: bioconversion, Curvularia, filamentous fungi
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