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LIPOPOLISACHARYD
I
INNE CZYNNIKI
CHOROBOTWORCZOSCI
PALECZEK PROTEUS
Antoni
Różalski
Artykuł
dedykowany prof. dr hab. Krystynie Kotełko, jest zmodyfikowaną formą.
wykładu wygłoszonego 26 października 2004 na Sesji Naukowej pt.
,,Badania immunochemiczne endotoksyn (LPS) bakterii", podczas
uroczystości poświęconej pamięci prof. dr hab. Krystyny Kotełko,
na Wydziale Biologii
i Ochrony Środowiska Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
1. Wprowadzenie.
2. Czynniki patogenności pałeczek Proteus. 2.1. Lipopolisacharyd.
2.2. Ureaza. 2.3. Proteazy.
2.4. Hemolizyny. 2.5. Fimbrie i afimbriowe adhezyny.
2.6. Rzęski. 2.7. Inne czynniki chorobotwórczości
Proteus. 3. Podsumowanie
Lipopolysaccharide
and others virulence factors of Proteus bacilli
Abstract:
Proteus bacteria
are opportunistic pathogens, which cause mainly urinary tract
infections (UTI), leading to
severe complications, such as pyelonephrithis and formation of
bladder and kidney stones.
Proteus bacilli are dimorphic bacteria, which exhibit
swarming phenomenon. When grown in a
liquid medium, they are motile, short rods (swimmer cells) 1,0 to
2,0 |im in length, with 6-10 flagella per
cell. When transferred to a solid medium, Proteus short
bacilli differentiate to swarmer cells, which are
multinucleated, nonseptated cells 20-80 \im in length
containing much more flagella. Virulence factors
of Proteus sp. are swarming phenomenon, adherence due to
the flmbriae or glycocalyx, flagella, invasiveness, urease,
amino acids deaminases, proteases, hemolysins, capsular
polysaccharide (CPS), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin). LPSs of these bacteria are
built up three regions: O-specific part (0-antigen), core region
and lipid A. Acidic O-specific polysaccharides mainly due to the
presence of uronic acids represent the majority of Proteus O-antigens.
Chemical and serological studies of the O-antigens
have been undertaken with the aim to show the molecular basis of
the serological classification
of Proteus bacteria. The core region of LPS differs between
strains. LPS of Proteus bacilli can be involved
in biofilm creation, it contributes to the resistance of bacteria
against the bactericidal action of
serum and to the formation of urine stones. The present review is
mainly focused on the structure and biological
function of LPS, however, molecular basis and the
pathophysiological role of others factors involved in the
infections caused by Proteus sp., are discussed.
1. Introduction.
2. Virulence factors of Proteus bacilli. 2.1. Lipopolysaccharide.
2.2. Urease. 2.3. Proteases.
2.4. Hemolysins. 2.5. Fimbriae and afimbrial adhesins.
2.6. Flagella. 2.7. Others virulence
factors of Proteus. 3. Summary
Słowa
kluczowe: Bakterie Proteus, czynniki chorobotwórczości
bakterii, lipopolisacharyd, zakażenia
dróg moczowych (UTI)
Key
words: Proteus bacteria, virulence factors of bacteria,
lipopolysaccharides, urinary tract infections (UTI)
Zakład
Immunobiologii Bakterii
Instytut Mikrobiologii i Immunologii
Uniwersytet Łódzki
90-237 Łódź, Banacha 12/16
tel. (42) 6354464, faks: (42) 6655818
e-mail: rozala@biol.uni.lodz.pl
Wpłynęło
w listopadzie 2004 r.
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