MOLEKULARNE
MECHANIZMY
ODPORNOCI
NA GRULICĘ
Wiesława
Rudnicka
1. Wprowadzenie.
2. Pierwotne zakażenie Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 3. Los
mikobakterii w makrofagach. 4. Aktywacja
komórek dendrytycznych i makrofagów przez mikobakterie. 5. Rola
cytokin w przebiegu zakażeń
wywoływanych przez mikobakterie. 6. Szczepionki
rekombinantowe BCG. 7. Uwagi końcowe
Molecular
mechanisms of resistance to tuberculosis
Abstract:
Tuberculosis is a major infectious disease with up to a
third of the world's population infected, 8-10 million people
developing the active disease and about 3 million dying of
tuberculosis each year. One key
to the pathogenic potential of tubercule bacilli lies in
their capacity to resist destruction
by macrophages. The development of genomics, proteomics and
transcriptomics have shed light on the exploitation of macrophages by mycobacteria. The
initial interaction between mycobacterial
surface components and numerous macrophage receptors is
critical in determining the fate of the bacteria in a phagocyte.
The inhibition of fagosom-lysosome fusion by pathogenic mycobacteria promote their intracellular persistence and growth.
Dendritic cells which exhibit the unique
ability to activate naive T lymphocytes are critical for
triggering innate and acquired anti-mycobacterial
immunity. A large body of data show the regulatory role of
numerous cytokines and chemokines in the outcome of
mycobacterial infection. The recognizing of the cytokines
which up-regulate and down-regulate protective
immunity to tuberule bacilli could lead the way to innovative
therapeutic approaches. The effectiveness of the currently
used tuberculosis vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)
has been highly variable. Recombinant BCG bacilli with an over
production of some mycobacterial antigens or cytokines have
been shown to be more effective in generating anti-mycobacterial
immunity in mice and guinea pigs than the parental BCG bacilli.
1. Introduction.
2. The primary infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 3. The
fate of mycobacteria in macrophages. 4. The activation
of dendritic cells and macrophages by mycobacteria. 5. The
role of cytokines
in the outcome of mycobacterial infections. 6. Recombinant
BCG vaccine. 7. Conclusions |
