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Helicobacter pylori
pathogenicity and bacterial genomics
Abstract:
Helicobacter pylori, one
of the most common bacterial pathogens of humans, is a curved,
microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacterium that persistently
colonizes the gastric epithelium, causes gastritis, peptic ulcer
disease, and is associated with certain types of gastric cancer.
The analysis of the complete
genomic sequence of two unrelated pathogenic H. pylori strains
and other pathogens has
extended our knowledge of bacterial genomic system, molecular
mechanisms of genetic change and adaptive mutations,
mechanisms of pathogenesis and evolutionary history of this
organism. This review focuses
on the contributions of published H. pylori sequences, as
well as the contributions of
recent findings from genetic studies, to understanding of
determinants of pathogenicity.
1. Introduction.
2. Characteristic of H. pylori. 2.1. Characteristic
of genome. 3. Genomic diversity of H. pylori
strains.
3.1. vacA
mosaicism. 3.2. CagA and pathogenicity islands 3.3. Phase-variation
of
the H. pylori genes. 4. Urease - major
colonization factor of H. pylori. 5. Adhesion. 6. Protein
secretion. 7. Regulation of gene expression in H. pylori.
8. Summary |
